Non-intrusive Laser-based Diagnostic Techniques for Hypersonic Flows

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Synopsis

High-speed vehicles are subject to complex fluid effects including shocks, turbulence, real gas effects such as dissociation and nonequilibrium energy distributions, high-temperature gas-surface reactions, and combustion. Due to these complexities, detailed experimental measurements are necessary for the successful design and optimization of supersonic and hypersonic vehicles. However, most of these phenomena are difficult or impossible to study using surface measurements due to their limited domain or physical probe-based techniques that inherently perturb the environment they aim to study.  In contrast, optical and spectroscopy-based techniques offer the ability to make off-body measurements with little-to-no system perturbation of qualitative and quantitative flow properties including velocity, gas temperature, and species densities. This course aims to provide background theory on several spectroscopy techniques, technology required to execute measurements, and examples how they have been implemented previously for large scale wind tunnel testing.

 Learning Objectives

  • Learn basic theory related to gas-phase spectroscopy that rely on either natural luminescence in reacting gases or laser-based excitation.
  • Understand basic light-matter interactions including absorption, emission, and light-scattering.
  • Receive an introduction on linear and nonlinear spectroscopy methods.
  • Learn about the state-of-the-art technology available for optical measurements of reacting flows.
  • Gain an appreciation for the complexities encountered when applying laser- and optical-based measurements for both ground-based testing and in-flight flow sensors.

Course Outline

  • Spectroscopy Fundamentals:
    • Emission
    • Absorption
    • Raman
  • Advanced Laser Techniques:
    • Laser absorption spectroscopy (LAS)
    • Planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF)
    • Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) 
  • High speed lasers and applications:
    • Fixed and tunable sources for various techniques
    • Applications to high-speed reacting and non-reacting flows
  • Implementation of diagnostic techniques in experimental hypersonic systems


Who Should Attend: Practicing engineers and graduate students involved with experimental hypersonic research. Program managers and technical area leaders responsible for future Hypersonics development.

Overview
Type of Course: Instructor-Led Short Course
Course Level: Intermediate-Advanced
Course Length: 1 day
AIAA CEU's available: Yes

Instructors

Instructors:

Dr. Chloe Dedic received her B.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Iowa State University in 2012 and 2017, respectively. After graduation she worked as a visiting scientist with the National Institute of Aerospace at NASA Langley Research Center and joined the University of Virginia as an assistant professor in 2018. Dedic is an active member of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics (AIAA) and serves on the AIAA Technical Committee on Aerodynamic Measurement Technology. She is also currently serving as the UVA MAE Director for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.  Professor Dedic’s research interests are centered around the development and application of advanced laser-based diagnostics and nonlinear spectroscopy techniques to study nonequilibrium, reacting, and multiphase flow environments with the goal of furthering the development of technologies related to clean energy and hypersonic propulsion and aerodynamics. In particular, Dedic is interested in applying complex laser measurements to study harsh environments while emphasizing measurement accuracy and spatial and temporal resolution. Her expertise includes the development of advanced laser diagnostics—in particular femtosecond/picosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (fs/ps CARS)—and deployment in challenging flows characterized by extreme pressures, shock waves, large temperature gradients, transient flow dynamics, and nonthermal energy distributions. Applications include nonequilibrium flows, supersonic combustion, atmospheric entry, detonations, and renewable energy.

Dr. Christopher Goyne, Associate Professor, Director of the UVA Aerospace Research Laboratory. Professor Goyne obtained a Bachelor of Mechanical Engineering and Ph.D. from the University of Queensland, Australia. During his Ph.D. research, Goyne specialized in high-speed aerodynamics, high-speed air-breathing propulsion and instrumentation development. Upon completion of his graduate studies, Goyne joined the Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering at the University of Virginia as a Research Associate. Here he conducted research in hypersonic propulsion using the University of Virginia’s unique Supersonic Combustion Facility. This work was funded by NASA’s Hyper-X Program. He briefly returned to the University of Queensland to participate in the HyShot scramjet flight test program before joining the faculty at the University of Virginia. Now an Associate Professor and Director of the Aerospace Research Laboratory, he continues his work in hypersonic air-breathing propulsion, supersonic aerodynamics, hypersonic ground and flight test techniques, diagnostic and measurement technique development, controls and advanced manufacturing. Goyne also conducts research on the interaction of fluids with rotating machinery in collaboration with the Rotating Machinery and Controls (ROMAC) Industrial Program at the University of Virginia.  Goyne is an Associate Fellow of the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics and past Chair of the Hypersonic Technology and Aerospace Planes Program Committee. He is also a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. He currently serves as an Associate Editor for the Shock Waves journal. Goyne has lead roles within the University Consortium for Applied Hypersonics. As part of this organization, he is the International Teaming lead on the Research Engagement Committee and is the Technical Area Collaboration Co-Lead for air-breathing propulsion. Goyne also serves on the Governor of Virginia's Aerospace Advisory Council and is Chair of the Virginia Space Grant Consortium Advisory Council.

 

Dr. Robert P. Lucht, Ralph and Bettye Bailey Distinguished Professor of Mechanical Engineering, and Director of Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratories, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University Research: Laser diagnostics, Diode-laser-based sensors, Gas turbine and internal engine combustion, Materials processing and synthesis, Combustion science, Fluid mechanics and heat transfer

 

Dr. Christopher S. Goldenstein, Assistant Professor of Mechanical Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University. Fundamental Research Area(s): Thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics Systems, Measurements & Controls. Research: Laser-absorption spectroscopy, laser-induced fluorescence, & IR imaging sensors for gas temperature, pressure, velocity, and chemical species

Molecular spectroscopy, photophysics, & energy transfer in gases, Energetic materials (e.g., explosives & propellants) detection & combustion, Combustion and propulsion systems (small and large scale), Biomedical sensing.

 

Dr. Terrence R. Meyer, Professor of Mechanical Engineering; Professor of Aeronautics and Astronautics (by Courtesy), School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University.  Research Interests: Laser spectroscopy and imaging for combustion, sprays, energetics, hypersonics, plasmas, and non-equilibrium flows; Applications to gas-turbine, rocket, internal combustion, and scramjet engine performance, efficiency, and emissions; Thermal-fluid behavior at the extremes, including turbulent, high-temperature, high-pressure, multiphase, and non-equilibrium reacting flows

 

Mikhail Slipchenko, Research Associate Professor, School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University

 

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